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The economic scale of China's satellite navigation application industry is expected to reach RMB 260 billion by 2020.
If enterprises want to make money with Beidou satellite, they can provide value-added services, such as improving reception technology, providing more accurate positioning, or adding services like anti-theft for cars.
News from the Zhuhai Airshow in early November indicated that the second-generation satellite of China's self-developed Beidou Navigation Satellite System will be officially launched in 2009.
Shao Liqin, Executive Deputy Director of the National Remote Sensing Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, stated that the first stage involves significantly improving ground accuracy. According to the plan, accuracy of 5 meters is to be achieved by 2010, the construction of the second generation of Beidou is to be completed by 2012, and global coverage is to be achieved by 2020, striving to achieve an accuracy of 1 meter and a scale of 30 satellites overhead.
Currently, enterprises that use the first-generation Beidou navigation system satellites must register with a specialized agency (the State Science and Technology Commission) and pay a fee.
The distinguishing feature of Beidou-2 compared to Beidou-1 is its improved resolution. Currently, the error margin of civilian GPS can be within 30 meters, while Beidou Navigation aims to achieve an error margin of 5 meters.
Competition among 4 satellite systems
Currently, there are four satellite navigation systems, both fully developed and in-development, in space.
These four satellite systems are GPS of the United States, "GLONASS" of Russia, Galileo of Europe, and Beidou of China.
GPS is now the leader and monopolist. As early as 1994, the GPS system, which cost $20 billion and took over 20 years to complete, was fully established and put into operation. Its positioning accuracy is better than 10 meters, velocity measurement accuracy is better than 0.1 meters per second, and timing accuracy is better than 10 milliseconds.
The application of GPS has exceeded 500 kinds, and the global GPS market reached 31 billion US dollars in 2005.
The Russian "GLONASS" system, despite achieving constellation deployment as early as 1996, has only recently been officially opened to the domestic civilian market in Russia, with plans to enter the global commercial market in 2009.
In March 2002, 15 member states of the European Union officially launched the "Galileo" global satellite navigation and positioning system program. The system consists of 30 satellites, distributed across three orbits at an altitude of 24,000 kilometers, with an estimated investment of 3.4 billion euros.
According to EU predictions, "Galileo" can create approximately 140,000 jobs in Europe alone, and once operational, it will generate annual benefits of EUR 9 billion. China is also an active participant in the Galileo program, planning to invest EUR 200 million and will own 20% of the ownership and 100% of the usage rights of "Galileo". However, the tangled interests among various countries have hindered the progress of the Galileo program.
China has launched 5 satellites for the Beidou series.
Compared to GPS, which passively receives satellite signals, "BeiDou-1" adopts regional active positioning, meaning that users need to send signals to the satellites in order to know their location. Due to the communication exchanges, the application of "BeiDou-1" is limited by bandwidth and frequency, resulting in a smaller coverage area, lower positioning accuracy, and a certain limitation on the number of users. However, its unique advantages lie in its ability to provide regional active navigation and positioning around the clock, as well as two-way digital message communication and precise timing.
"The Galileo system, a collaboration between China and Europe, is proceeding as usual. Currently, aside from GPS, other systems are not yet mature. However, Russia's commercial application is also advancing rapidly. I believe that by 2015, it is possible to achieve full coverage of four satellite navigation systems in China," Shao Liqin told reporters.
The second generation of Beidou is an improvement based on the first generation, and it will not abandon the launch characteristics of the first generation. The Beidou global navigation system will adopt a "30+5" model, consisting of 30 medium-orbit mobile satellites and 5 geostationary orbit stationary satellites
Beidou Business
Professor Guo Jingjun from the Institute of Geospatial Information Science at Tsinghua University believes that relying solely on GPS in the national economy is risky. For instance, in civil aviation, using satellite navigation for landing systems necessitates multi-system integration. The GPS system controlled by the US military, despite providing signals for free during peacetime, prioritizes military use in principle. During the Gulf War, the US once shut down GPS services to Europe, disregarding the interests of EU countries.
The first generation of Beidou has been applied in fisheries, disaster monitoring, landslide and earthquake monitoring, hydrological observation and reporting, such as the Wenchuan earthquake monitoring.
"BeiDou and GPS may be more complementary to each other. Isn't multi-system interoperability being talked about nowadays? I believe that in the future, BeiDou and GPS should be compatible. This is a direction," said Zhou Ruxin, chairman of BeiDou XingTong Satellite Navigation Technology Co., Ltd., the first domestic authorized service unit for "BeiDou-1" satellite navigation and positioning. "We will definitely gradually expand the application fields and are planning some civilian products."
Guo Jingjun stated that the key to the market acceptance of Beidou navigation in civilian use lies in its price. Integrating Beidou and GPS into a chip will not significantly increase the cost. Currently, the United States has already integrated GPS with Russia's GLONASS and Europe's Galileo.
The application policy for the first generation of Beidou is primarily for military use, with civilian use encouraged. Professor Guo indicated that in the process of information construction, receivers for civilian and military use have already been developed separately, with only the external format being announced.
Huang Haihui, the deputy general manager of United Strong, the largest GPS manufacturer in China, believes that there are two directions for the future development of Beidou Navigation: one is compatibility, and the other is different directions for different applications. "We are very optimistic about the application of Beidou in China."
The application of GPS for civilian use in China is still in its initial stage. Huang Haihui pointed out that we are just waiting for the policies to become clearer. For example, how much consideration will be given to civilian use in the future, and to what extent will data be opened up? This is related to the size of the future industry. (End)